{"id":2183,"date":"2020-02-14T10:50:00","date_gmt":"2020-02-14T09:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gfmdcivilsociety.org\/staging\/9981\/?p=2183"},"modified":"2020-02-20T12:29:45","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T11:29:45","slug":"for-more-effective-discussions-about-migration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gfmdcivilsociety.org\/staging\/9981\/for-more-effective-discussions-about-migration\/","title":{"rendered":"For More Effective Discussions About Migration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>How can NGOs convince people of the importance of stepping up their support of migrants and refugees in the face of increased politicization of the issue? A discussion with Oxfam\u2019s Eva Garz\u00f3n Hern\u00e1ndez and Pablo Andr\u00e9s Rivero Morales and journalists Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Le\u00f3n Cabrera and Yuly Jara.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In an era\nof increased politicization of migration and perceived polarization around the\nissue, we may feel that NGOs\u2019 messages on migration don&#8217;t reach their\nobjectives. Four experts specialized in migration-related communications\ndiscussed good practices, pitfalls to avoid, and new communication\nopportunities during the Global Forum on Migration and Development held in\nQuito, Ecuador, from 21 to 24 January.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Remember\nThat Not Everyone Who Disagrees With You Is a Bad Person<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research\nhas proven time and time again that providing facts and figures doesn&#8217;t easily\nsway people\u2019s perceptions. Rather, when confronted with opinions contrary to\nour own, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2017\/02\/27\/why-facts-dont-change-our-minds\">we tend to\nentrench ourselves more deeply in our preexisting conceptions<\/a>, even when evidence contradicts our\nbeliefs. How then can we convince people of the urgency of solidarity with\nmigrants?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;I\nthink it&#8217;s important to understand that people who reject the idea of receiving\nmigrants in their countries are not essentially bad people,&#8221; says\njournalist Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Le\u00f3n Cabrera. He adds that most of these people don&#8217;t\nexperience their opinions as a sense of racial superiority.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studies\nconducted in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.secours-catholique.org\/sites\/scinternet\/files\/publications\/rapport-mic-0606-bd_0.pdf\">France<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com\/bitstream\/handle\/10546\/620890\/bp_yes_but_not_here_en_xenophobia-migration-venezuela-251019-en.pdf\">South\nAmerica<\/a>\npoint to the idea that a majority of the population are somewhat ambivalent\ntowards migration, feeling empathy and a desire to welcome migrants and\nrefugees in need while simultaneously wishing for stricter border enforcement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This\nirrational position can be explained by an equally irrational force: fear of\nthe unknown. \u201cThey don\u2019t know much about the \u2018other\u2019, which makes them\nfearful,\u201d says Le\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fear can\ntrigger primal responses that bypass rational thinking. It kept our ancestors\nalive in the face of predators and enemies. However, it doesn&#8217;t serve us well\nin responding to many current-day issues, including migratory policies. Le\u00f3n\nbelieves that knowledge \u2013 conveyed through telling migrants&#8217; stories \u2013 can help\nalleviate fear. But this is only possible if people&#8217;s concerns are addressed in\na manner to which they can relate. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSometimes\nNGOs have spoken from a position of moral superiority, assuming that all those\nwho don&#8217;t support migrants are racist,\u201d says Oxfam\u2019s Eva Garz\u00f3n Hern\u00e1ndez.\n\u201cThere are a whole lot of concerns [\u2026] that have not been addressed by the\npro-migration discourse.\u201d&nbsp; These concerns\nmay focus on job security or a perceived increase of insecurity in public\nspaces and are often utilized by anti-migration factions to increase their\npolitical traction. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com\/bitstream\/handle\/10546\/620890\/bp_yes_but_not_here_en_xenophobia-migration-venezuela-251019-en.pdf\">A recent\nOxfam report<\/a>\nsuggests that such concerns are often founded upon real structural weaknesses\nthat pre-exist the arrival of migrants. Migrants then become the scapegoats for\nthese issues, and their root causes are ignored. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Because\nfear is such a powerful tool, it is essential to avoid romanticizing migrants\nwhen telling their stories. &#8220;If all you do is say how good migrants are,\nthen tomorrow, when a migrant does something wrong, everything you&#8217;ve been\nworking for will collapse,&#8221; and those who gain from a negative stereotyping\nof migrants will invariably profit, says journalist and fact-checker Yuly Jara.\nMigrants should be presented as complex individuals capable of both right and\nwrong. Above all, assistance to migrants should be presented not through the\nlens of an individual\u2019s worthiness, but rather as every person&#8217;s right to\naccess their fundamental human rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Adapt\nYour Message to Your Audience<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Addressing\nan audience\u2019s concerns requires an understanding of who they are. \u201cDon\u2019t assume\nthat everyone shares your values,\u201d says Garz\u00f3n. Multiculturalism and diversity\nmay be strong values for many people in the NGO world, but they might not\nresonate with everyone. For a particular segment of the population, for\nexample, family and patriotism may be more important and one might advance a\ncause further by telling stories that depict family unity or the positive\nimpact of migrants on their host country. \u201cIf you speak to them on terms they\nagree about,\u201d says Garz\u00f3n, people will be more receptive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>People will\nalso be more inclined to listen to a message if it describes a tangible reality\nthey can relate to in their daily lives rather than abstract concepts. Telling\nthe story of migrants first can help tap into people\u2019s capacity for empathy.\nOnce they have discovered someone they can relate to, they&#8217;ll be more open to\nlistening to facts and figures. The language chosen to portray migrants can\nhelp or hinder this objective. The words nurse, cook or mother refer to\nconcrete concepts that help audiences relate to people in a way that the terms\nmigrant, refugee or asylum seeker don&#8217;t. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Addressing\npeople\u2019s concerns also means presenting solutions as well as problems vis-a-vis\nmigration-related issues. For Jara, reporting on problems faced by migrants\nshould always lead to reporting on solutions found by migrants facing similar\nsituations. This \u2018journalism of solutions\u2019 avoids the risk of media coverage\nthat gives the impression of hopelessness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Just as\nmessage\u2019s content must be adapted to a specific audience, so the language used\nmust also be meaningful. Too often, people of varying political views seem to\nspeak a different language when referring to similar concepts. \u201cCodify your\nmessage on the basis of the language of the people you&#8217;re trying to reach,\u201d says\nGarz\u00f3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For Le\u00f3n,\navoiding the use of certain words can be beneficial if these words have been\noverused or have gathered negative connotations. When reporting gender-related\nissues in the context of South America, for example, he will focus on human\nrights but avoid the terms \u201cfeminicide\u201d and \u201cpatriarchy\u201d.&nbsp; Similarly, there may be contexts in which\ntelling the story of people on the move is more effective if we avoid\ndescribing them as migrants or refugees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Use\nTechnology and Data for Change<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Migration\ncommunication\u2019s long-term objective is the creation of a positive narrative.\nHowever, according to Jara, it is also vital to engage in a short-term fight\nagainst hate speech online. Maldita.es, for which Jara works, is an independent\nSpanish online platform that focuses on responding to disinformation through\nfact-checking and data journalism. The platform addresses a wide array of\ntopics ranging from pseudoscience to feminism, but one-third of hoaxes that are\nbrought to their attention are migration-related.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As the segmentation of social media increasingly traps\naudiences in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Echo_chamber_(media)\">echo chambers<\/a>&nbsp;where\ntheir own biases are reaffirmed, maldita.es uses the same technologies to\npenetrate the said echo chambers. Through Whatsapp and an online application,\npeople can send articles and statements that they encounter on their news\nfeeds. They&#8217;ll then receive information about the veracity of the statement and\nwhether it has been identified as a myth. A new inquiry triggers an\ninvestigation. Results can then be shared on the person&#8217;s feed, reaching the\naudience that spread the myth in\nthe first place.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Responses\nto hoaxes will use the same language as the hoax itself, which allows them to\nbe picked up similarly by online algorithms. The migration section of\nmaldita.es is funded by Oxfam Interm\u00f3n because \u201cmaldita.es has a much larger\naudience than Oxfam\u2019s website,\u201d says Garz\u00f3n. Similar fact-checking websites are\navailable in many countries and could be helpful to NGOs wishing to promote\ntheir message on migration beyond their metaphorical choir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oxfam\u2019s\nPablo Andr\u00e9s Rivero Morales believes that another way to permeate otherwise\nunreachable audiences&nbsp; is to create unlikely\npartnerships with influencers. Not experts on the topic, but people with an\nonline following who might not otherwise engage in the conversation on\nmigration. &#8220;It could be the Youtuber who offers the recipe of the week and\njust says something about migration while they&#8217;re cooking,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He also\nbelieves that research on people&#8217;s reactions when certain emotions are\ntriggered is a tool that can be used when thinking up new campaigns. Research\nconducted by Oxfam in Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador showed that viewers exposed\nto sad communications on migration will feel empathy but won&#8217;t take action.\nHowever, if a viewer is touched because they judge the situation they witness\nto be unfair, the probability of them taking action increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eva Garz\u00f3n Hern\u00e1ndez is the Global Displacement\nLead at Oxfam Interm\u00f3n in Spain. Pablo Andr\u00e9s Rivero Morales is Oxfam\u2019s\nRegional Policy and Narrative Manager for Latin America and the Caribbean\nregion. Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Le\u00f3n is the founder of the Ecuadorian online journalism\nplatform <a href=\"https:\/\/gk.city\/\"><em>GK<\/em><\/a> and a contributor to various news\nsources including, the <em>New York Times<\/em>. Yuly Jara is a data journalist\nand fact-checker for the Spanish fact-checking platform <a href=\"https:\/\/maldita.es\/\"><em>maldita.es<\/em><\/a>. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How can NGOs convince people of the importance of stepping up their support of migrants and refugees in the face of increased politicization of the issue? A discussion with Oxfam\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gfmd-csd-2019","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>For More Effective Discussions About Migration - GFMD Civil Society Mechanism<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gfmdcivilsociety.org\/for-more-effective-discussions-about-migration\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"For More Effective Discussions About Migration - GFMD Civil Society Mechanism\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How can NGOs convince people of the importance of stepping up their support of migrants and refugees in the face of increased politicization of the issue? 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