{"id":2147,"date":"2020-02-06T10:47:11","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T09:47:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gfmdcivilsociety.org\/staging\/9981\/?p=2147"},"modified":"2020-02-06T10:47:11","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T09:47:11","slug":"we-must-get-rid-of-the-idea-that-migrant-workers-steal-our-jobs-a-malaysian-view-on-labor-migration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gfmdcivilsociety.org\/staging\/9981\/we-must-get-rid-of-the-idea-that-migrant-workers-steal-our-jobs-a-malaysian-view-on-labor-migration\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cWe Must Get Rid of the Idea That Migrant Workers Steal Our Jobs\u201d \u2013 A Malaysian View on Labor Migration"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sumitha\nShaanthinni Kishna, from the Malaysian NGO ‘Our journey,’ is a practicing\nlawyer who provides legal representation for migrants and refugees in labor, immigration\nand criminal cases. She also takes up human trafficking cases, rescues\ntrafficked persons and carries out advocacy with the government. Ms. Kishna is\nthe current Chairperson of   Migrant Forum Asia (MFA), a regional network of\nnon-governmental organizations, associations and trade unions of migrant\nworkers as well as individual advocates who protect and promote the rights and\nwelfare of migrant workers. In the following interview, she discusses the main\nissues for migrant workers in Malaysia and the region.  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Which are the most crucial issues\nrelated to migration and development in Malaysia?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[Sumitha Kishna] The biggest issue is undocumented\nmigrant workers. There are about two million documented workers and an equal\nnumber of undocumented workers in the country. There have been many amnesties,\nbut a proper solution to manage the irregularity in which so many workers find\nthemselves has not yet been found.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The presence of such a high number of undocumented\nworkers leads to problems of exploitation and access to services such as health\ncare. This is not to say that documented workers do not face any problems, but\npeople in an irregular situation are even more vulnerable to exploitation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why are so many migrant workers\nundocumented?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are several reasons. In Malaysia, the migration\nportfolio is the responsibility of the Home Affairs Ministry, not of the Human\nResources Ministry \u2013 even for labor migration. So there is a mismatch between\nthe market’s need for foreign labor and the number of workers that the\ngovernment allows to enter the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As a result, there are many agents and recruitment\nagencies who bring in workers on tourist visas because they are relatively easy\nto obtain. However, those visas cannot be changed for a work permit, so the\nmigrant workers find themselves in this situation where they cannot do\nanything. They are cheated, basically. They work as undocumented and they\nbecome vulnerable to arrest and detention. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Another problem is that when authorities arrest a\nmigrant, they don’t arrest the employer, so the cycle just carries on. If a\nworker is deported, it is very easy to find someone else to take their place.\nImplementation of the laws and monitoring of their enforcement is poor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What\ntype of work are you and other civil society organizations in Malaysia doing to\naddress these issues?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

When I have a case of an undocumented worker, I speak\nwith their employer to try to get their salaries and passport back \u2013 many times\nboth are withheld to keep the workers in an even more vulnerable position\n\u2013  to help them get back home. I cannot\nfile a case on their behalf precisely because they are undocumented, so this is\nwhat I do instead. At the same time as I talk to the employers, I report them\nto the Ministry so that they are aware of their illegal practices. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the future, if that same employer wants to recruit\nworkers again, they will be questioned, put under scrutiny. This is actually a\nuseful strategy, because we have already seen that some of the employers who have\nbeen reported are not allowed to recruit migrant workers anymore as they have\nto obtain approval from the Ministry to recruit workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sometimes the Ministry, upon being informed of illegal\npractices, conducts inspection visits to the employer. Inspectors show up and\nif they find undocumented workers on the premises, this employer will\nautomatically go onto a blacklist and will not be allowed to recruit foreign\nworkers in the future. Unfortunately the downside to this is that the\nundocumented workers found on the premises will be arrested and deported.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Have you seen an improvement of the\nsituation over the last few years?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Absolutely. The situation is now much better than it\nwas 10 years ago. We see more cases being reported, not because there is more\nexploitation but because more workers report the abuse. Some of my cases are\nactually people who have been in the country for a very long time already, up\nto 15, 20 years. They seem to have the courage to come out and report their\nemployer now. We have conducted a lot of outreach in the community and it seems\nto have paid off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why is\nlabor migration an important issue? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Labor migration is important because there are a\nnumber of jobs that nationals of a given country do not want to do anymore and\nthat is completely alright, it is just how things go. But because locals do not\nwant to do these jobs \u2013 <\/a>be it in the\nservice sector, or construction or agriculture \u2013 labor migration is absolutely\nnecessary, it fills the gap. We must get rid of the idea that migrant workers\nsteal our jobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Migrant workers do not steal anyone\u2019s jobs, because\nthose jobs are not filled by others. This is an area where we must do a lot of\nwork: to convince the local population that we need to live together, because\nmigrant workers are here to stay. And at the end of the day, historically, all\nof us were migrants in one way or another. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

If the locals could embrace this kind of thinking, it\nwould be very beneficial to the country. Migrants contribute to the economy and\nthe development of the country and that is something that everybody should\nacknowledge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How has the adoption of the Global\nCompact for Migration impacted your work?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Malaysian government has adopted the GCM, so for\nme, it has been a very positive instrument, especially for advocacy purposes.\nThe GCM has spelled out what we have always been advocating for, so when we\ntalk to the government, we can use it as a reference document. We do not have\nto reinvent the wheel; we can simply use the GCM and especially, its\nrecommendations. Our government has been quite receptive but has not\nimplemented anything yet, so it is a good time for us to push the government to\ndo something concrete about the GCM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is\nfor you the value of participating in the GFMD Summit and what are your\nsuggestions for its future?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This Summit has been very interactive. We were able to\nshare a lot during the Civil Society Day and we learned a lot from groups in\nAsia, Latin America, the Middle East. We had especially good exchanges with\ncolleagues from the Middle East, since labor migration is so often a\ncross-border issue. We were able to explain to each other why certain policies\nare in place and why they do or do not work. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Common Space was also good, although not many\ngovernments were present in the room; that was its only downside. Most of the\npeople at the table during the Common Space were from civil society\norganizations and government representatives would just pop in and out for a\nmoment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I would like to see more commitment from governments\nto attend the sessions and to be there at the tables, having a more inclusive\ndialogue with civil society. And not just at the GFMD, but also back home.\nSometimes you only meet your country\u2019s government representatives at the GFMD\nand that is not fair. I would like governments which have not made efforts to\nmeet civil society representatives to start a dialogue in their country\nalready, start preparing together maybe. The dialogue with your respective\ngovernment should happen at the national level before you come to the global\nlevel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is\nyour main take-away from this year\u2019s GFMD Summit?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Definitely the recommendations. There was a lot of emphasis\non partnerships and that is something that we can do much better in Malaysia.\nWe do work well with the government, but it is not an institutionalized way of\nworking. We need a more stable, institutionalized relationship with our\ngovernment which does not rely on their good will. This partnership approach\nand how to create a better partnership mechanism \u2013 that is something I am\ntaking away from Quito. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sumitha Shaanthinni Kishna, from the Malaysian NGO ‘Our journey,’ is a practicing lawyer who provides legal representation for migrants and refugees in labor, immigration and criminal cases. 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